When should we trust our senses to give us the truth Essay Example

When should we trust our senses to give us the truth? Paper The meaning of the word truth can never mean the same thing in every bodies eyes, it is a word which can have many different meanings, some people believe it to be a fact that has been verified and this comes from a reliable source, I also agree with the statement as it fits my definition as I feel that truth is an accurate explanation of an event however that would only apply it actual physical situation as truth can also be applied to knowledge and the ways of knowing. If we are gaining knowledge we have to be gaining the truthful knowledge which is correct otherwise it would not be correct. It is believed that humans have more than 10, including balance and motion senses. When us as humans are in danger we rely on our senses to help us and prevent danger. So in this essay I will focus on the traditional 5 senses which are touch, see, hear, smell, taste and how we use these to help us acquire knowledge and the truth. We use our sense of touch to help us to prevent ourselves from danger. If we ever touch a hot pan then we know that it is dangerous to touch it again so we know not to burn ourselves. We also use this sense to test for any rough surfaces or unsupported floors which can cause us harm, also we use our sense of touch as a way of gaining knowledge through bodily kinaesthetic learning when we act out physical movements to help us learn and this is helped by the sense of touch. We will write a custom essay sample on When should we trust our senses to give us the truth? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on When should we trust our senses to give us the truth? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on When should we trust our senses to give us the truth? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We use our sense of sight to help us gain knowledge and know the truth, as we are able to see if a road is clear to know it is safe to cross to the other side, and we are able to spot if we are in danger by seeing a sharp object or a dangerous person and then we know we are in danger and also learning visually and this is one of the easiest ways of learning and this helps provide us with the truth and viewing what we have to learn in a lesson for example and reviewing notes. We use our sense of hearing to help us gain knowledge and truth, as we know when a person is in danger as we hear a scream or we know about history or about space if it is explained to us and this helps us gain truth and knowledge, we also know if we are in danger from an unusual sound coming from somewhere, and after this happens we mostly automatically know we are in danger. Also to compose music we are required to know the sense of sound otherwise it would be very difficult to compose a piece of music without being able to hear the tones and notes. We also need to be able to hear a lecture or know what a teacher is saying to help us to understand and learn in a lesson or lecture from a professor. We use our sense of smell to help give us truth as we know if we smell smoke or gas indoors in a home there could be danger, either from a gas leak or from fire and this would help us to keep safe and they should be trusted, also to know when milk is sour, as if we had no sense of smell we wouldnt know if we were drinking sour milk or not as they both look similar, we do not normally use our sense of smell to provide us with knowledge, but we do use it if we want to create a perfume or scent and we need to know what is a good smell and bad smell and we learn from our mistakes of making a bad smelling perfume. Most people have different taste buds and tastes can be unique to some, for example somebody having different tastes in food and not liking hot chillies. A chef would need to trust his sense of taste to help him create dishes which taste good, and suit a wider range of peoples desires and preferences. We only use our sense of taste to help us gain knowledge for food and learning what food we do or do not like. I personally think that we should always trust our senses to provide us with truth as we should always view truth as a positive and personal thing, and what our senses teach us may be different to another person which means that we should always use our senses to suit our needs, and we should take certain professions based on our senses.

Social Identity Essay Example

Social Identity Essay Example Social Identity Essay Social Identity Essay Social Identity From Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex Similarities and Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender l. Conceptions and Definitions II. Types of Social Identity Ill. Multiplicity and Intersectionality V. Aspects of Social Identity V. Assessing Social Identity VI. Development and Change VI. Negotiating Social Identities Glossary Intersectionality The condition in which a person simultaneously belongs to two or more social categories or social statuses and the unique consequences that result from that combination. Minimal group paradigm An experimental procedure for creating social identity conditions in which articipants are arbitrarily assigned to one group or another. Social representations Commonly shared and collectively elaborated beliefs about social reality held by members of a culture or subculture. Stereotypes Organized, consensual beliefs and opinions about specific categories or groups of people. SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION is the process by which we define ourselves in terms and categories that we share with other people. In contrast to characterizations of personal identity, which may be highly idiosyncratic, social identities assume some commonalities with others. This chapter introduces several key issues surrounding social identity, including form and content, assessment, development and change, and identity negotiation. I. Conceptions and Definitions Identity is a term that is widely used and, as a consequence, can mean many different things to different people. Identity is sometimes used to refer to a sense of integration of the self, in which different aspects come together in a unified whole. This intrapsychic emphasis is often associated with Erik Erikson, who introduced the term identity crisis as part of his stage model of psychological development. Another common use of the term, particularly in contemporary times, is identity politics, where the reference is typically to different political positions that are staked out by members of ethnic and nationality groups. In this article, the term social identity refers specifically to those aspects of a person that are defined in terms of groups, only some of those groups are meaningful in terms of how we define ourselves. In these cases, our self-definition is shared with other people who also claim that categorical membership, for example, as a woman, as a Muslim, as a marathon runner, or as a Democrat. To share a social identity with others does not necessarily mean that we know or interact with every other member of the designated category. It does mean, however, that we believe that we share numerous features with other members of the category and that, to some degree, events that are relevant to the group as a whole also have significance for the individual member. As an example, a person who defines herself as a feminist is more likely to be aware of legislation regulating abortion, more likely to have read books by Betty Friedan or bell hooks, and more likely to be aware of salary discrepancies between omen and men than is a person who does not identify as a feminist. Many forms of social identity exist, reflecting the many ways in which people connect to other groups and social categories. In our own work, we have pointed to five distinct types of social identification: ethnic and religious identities, political identities, vocations and avocations, personal relationships, and stigmatized groups (see Table l). Each of these types of social identification has some unique characteristics that make it somewhat different from another type. Relationship identities, in particular, have some special features. To be a mother, for example, can imply a sense of shared experience with other people who are mothers. Sometimes particular aspects of these experiences can be defined even more finely, as in Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD). At the same time, the identity of mother implies a specific role relationship with another person, a relationship that is unique and grounded in ones own personal experience with that other person. Other social identities can be defined more generally, tied not to any individual but to a generic group. Thus to identify as a doctor, for example, implies a shared definition with ountless others, many of whom you may not know anything in particular about. Another defining characteristic of occupational identities is that they are chosen by the person (what is sometimes called an achieved status). In contrast, social identities such as ethnicity or gender are ascribed categories, given to one at birth. Social identities also differ in the status or value that is attached to them. In Table l, for example, the stigmatized identities stand apart from the other types of social identity, all of which are typically regarded more positively. In the original study that defined he categories presented in Table l, gender was clustered together with other relationship identities in the final statistical solution. Certainly it is true that many relationships are gendered in their definition and implications (as are many occupations as well). However, because of the importance and centrality of gender in our lives, it is often considered as a category in itself. Similarly, sexual orientation can be classified as one form of a relationship identity, but it often has greater prominence than other relationship identities. To understand more about the nature f social identity, let us consider three identities in more detail: gender, ethnicity and Ethnicity and religion Asian American Jewish Southerner West Indian Political affiliation Feminist Republican Environmentalist Vocations and avocations Psychologist Artist Athlete Military veteran Relationships Mother Parent Teenager Widow Stigmatized identities Person with AIDS Homeless person Alcoholic A. GENDER IDENTITY Ones gender-most typically as a man or woman-is one of the most frequently mentioned identities when people are asked to describe themselves, and it is also ne of the categories most often used by others to describe us. Similarly, the development of gender identity (see Section VI) has been a central topic for developmental psychologists. Because gender is such a fundamental category, it is perhaps not surprising that a great many meanings and implications are associated with gender. Personality traits (e. g. , being competitive or being aware of the feelings of others), role behaviors (e. g. , taking care of children or assuming leadership roles), physical characteristics (e. g. , having broad shoulders or a soft voice), and a host of ther associations can be leadership roles), physical characteristics (e. g. , having broad shoulders or a soft voice), and a host of other associations can be linked to gender categories. [See SOCIAL ROLE THEORY OF SEX DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES. At the same time, many investigators believe that it is not useful to think of gender as a single social category. Rather, many have argued for a concept of gendered identities, which recognizes the multiple social identities that may be influenced by ones gender. As noted earlier, both occupations (e. g. , nurse) and relationships (e. g. wife) often have gender implications. Similarly, a persons identity as a woman may differ radically depending on whether she views herself as a feminis t or as a more traditional type of woman. Thus, in adopting a perspective of gendered identities, one acknowledges that multiple identities are shaped by ones gender, and that social identities can intersect and overlap with one another. B. ETHNIC AND NATIONAL IDENTITIES For many people, ethnicity is a central element of self-definition and becomes an important social identity. In the past, social scientists categorized human beings in erms of basic racial categories, such as Asian, Caucasian, and Negroid. With increasing awareness of the arbitrary nature of the social construction of race, these categories are less frequently used. More common today is categorization on the basis of ethnicity, defined in terms of culture, language, and country of origin. Works by theorists such as William Cross on African American identity exemplify the approach to this form of categorization and identification. Nationality can be closely linked to ethnic identity, but it often represents a distinct way of identifying oneself. In Finland, for example, being ethnically Finnish and being a citizen of Finland are highly overlapping bases of identification. In contrast, in the United States one can have an identity as an American and at the same time hold an identity (often hyphenated) as an African American, an Asian American, a Latino, or a West Indian. Like most identities, national identities are flexible and subjectively defined. People claim. Often second-generation immigrants, for example, feel a pressure to choose between maintaining an identity with their country of origin and developing a new identification with the host country. These two bases of identification can have quite different meanings for friendship networks, social and cultural activities, and even marriage and family. Yet at the same time, it is increasingly recognized that people are not necessarily required to choose between one of two mutually exclusive identities, but may instead maintain dual identification or may use the two sources of identity as the basis for a new emergent form of social identification, for example, as a bicultural person. Like gender, the analysis of ethnic and national identity is more complex than it sometimes first seems. C. SEXUAL ORIENTATION Many people use sexual orientation as a central category of social identification. As is often the case, members of the minority group-in this case, gays and lesbians-are more likely to give prominence to this social identification than are members of the dominant majority group-in this case, heterosexuals. Many analyses of gay and lesbian identification have posited stage models of development, describing the processes by which people come to recognize and then to endorse their sexual orientation. These models take into account the evidence that many individuals do not become aware of their sexual preferences until adolescence or later. At the same time, stage models are often criticized, both for assuming invariant sequences in the development of the gay/ lesbian identity, as well as for assuming that the process works in the same way for gays and for lesbians. Far less work has been done in defining a heterosexual identity, in part because it is less frequently referred to by those who might see themselves that way (although heterosexuality per se has certainly been studied widely). A critical aspect of the gay and lesbian identity is that it is, in some segments of society, a highly stigmatized identity, a characteristic that is hared with some ethnic and religious identities. The experience of prejudice and discrimination that gays and lesbians face makes the process of social identification a particularly difficult one at times, as the positive values that one typically associates with ones own group are not shared by the society at large. Identification in terms of sexual orientation also illustrates well the overlapping nature of identity categories, particularly with gender. It is easy to talk in terms of multiple identities, for example, having separate identities as a woman, a lawyer, a spouse, a mother, a roller blader, and so on. In fact, several theoretical traditions within psychology and sociology, including role theory and symbolic interaction, encourage us to think in terms of these distinct groups. In contrast, theories emanating from personality psychology, such as that of Erik Erikson, focus on the possibilities for integrating multiple identities into a single identity. Indeed, within that particular tradition, the successful resolution of potential conflicts among identities is seen as a criterion of the healthy personality. Each of these positions involves its own conceptual challenges. For those who favor hen these identities relate to one another. Are there points of overlap among identities? Can identities be represented in some form of hierarchy, with more important or more encompassing identities at the top and other less central or more specific identities at the bottom? For those who favor the integrative position, the questions concern how integration is achieved and whether a single identity, defined as the integrated sum of various component identities, can be predictive of more domain-specific behaviors. Another perspective on this issue is to consider the intersectionality among various ocial identities. Intersectionality is a term introduced by critical legal theorists to refer to the specific conditions that exist when one holds two or more social statuses. ntroduced by critical legal theorists to refer to the specific conditions that exist when one holds two or more social statuses. Often discussion has focused on the intersections of race and gender, exploring what it means, for example, to be a Black female as opposed to being a Black male or a White female. Gender, it is argued, does not necessarily carry the same meanings for members of different ethnic roups. Similarly, ethnicity may be experienced differently for women as compared to m en. At the same time, proponents of intersectionality suggest that it is not possible to clearly distinguish between experience that is related to race and experience that is related to gender. Rather, the conditions are inextricably bound together in the individuals life. Many investigations have shown the importance of considering different configurations of social categories. Often, the particular confgurations and the importance of one versus another identity may change over time as well, eminding us that identity is a dynamic rather than static process. Taken to the extreme, of course, the notion of intersectionality could be problematic if all possible intersections needed to be considered at all times. More likely, however, there are a limited number of key identity categories whose influence is sufficiently strong to combine with others and it is those intersections that investigators will want to study most closely. IV. Aspects of Social Identity A social identity is first of all a label or a category, a way of grouping a number of people together on the basis of some shared features. Beyond the labeling, however, ocial identity has many more implications, both for the persons who claim the social identity and for others who see them as members of particular categories. Thus the category label can in a sense be considered the frame for a painting that is rich in cognitive beliefs, emotional associations, and behavioral consequences. A. COGNITIVE ASPECTS The cognitive aspects of a social identity can be extensive and varied, including personality traits, social and political attitudes, and memories for identity-related events. Because social identities are developed and defined within a social world, many of these cognitions are shared. Indeed, some investigators talk in terms of self- stereotyping, suggesting that when one views the self in terms of a particular social Another way of talking about these shared definitions is to refer to the social representations of salient categories. Groups defined by gender, age, ethnicity, and nationality are all represented in the culture at large. There is often a consensus as to what best characterizes boys and girls, for example, or people from Australia or Turkey or Senegal. Consider the stereotype of woman, for example. Traits typically associated with the category of woman include being emotional, kind, understanding, nd helpful to others. More specifically defined types of women, such as a businesswoman, a feminist, or a housewife, carry other associations. These societally shared beliefs about a category can become part of ones own social identification with the category. However, people do not necessarily take on the whole set of associations that consensually define a category. From the general set of societal representations, people may adopt some aspects as relevant while not accepting others. In addition, people often create their own idiosyncratic definitions of what it means to be a particular type of person. Thus, the cognitive contents of a social identity are best conceived as a combination of socially shared beliefs and other attributes based on personal experience. [See GENDER STEREOTYPES]. B. EMOTIONAL AND MOTIVATIONAL ASPECTS In many cases, social identities include not only cool cognitions, but hot emotions as well. Thus to be a feminist or an environmentalist, for example, may entail strong, affectively based feelings about social equality or the preservation of the environment. Similarly, ethnic and national identities often carry deep emotional meanings. Consider the recent conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, among Serbs, Croatians, and Muslims; or the killings in Africa of Hutus and Tutsis; the troubles between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland; and the continuing conflicts in the Middle East between Palestinians and Israeli Jews. In each case, identification with the ethnic group has a strong affective element that underlies the cognitive meanings associated with the identity. Eva Hoffman, a Polish writer who emigrated to Canada, conveys the intensity of affect that can characterize an ethnic identity in the following passage: The country of my childhood lives within me with a primacy that is a form of love All we have to draw on is that first potent furnace, the uncompromising, ignorant love, the original heat and hunger for the forms of the world. (Lost in Translation: A Life in a New Language, 1990, pp. 74-75) The recognition that identification has an emotional as well as a cognitive basis has a long history in psychology. Sigmund Freud, for example, described identification in terms of the emotional ties one has, first with a parent and later with members of groups (and especially with the group leader). Subsequently, social psychologists such as Henri TaJfel included the emotional significance of membership as part of ocial identification. Social identities also have a motivational basis. Particularly in the case of identities that people choose or achieve, specific that people choose or achieve, specific functions are believed to be satisfied by the choice of identification. Although the variety of functions served by social identities are numerous, it is possible to think about a few general types. First, social identity may serve as a means of self-definition or self-esteem, making the person feel better about the self. Second, social identification may be a means of interacting with others ho share ones values and goals, providing reference group orientation and shared activity. A third function that social identification can serve is as a way of defining oneself in contrast to others who are members of another group, a way of positioning oneself in the larger community. This functional basis of identification can both serve as the impetus for Joining a group, as well as become a defining agenda for group activity. C. BEHAVIORAL ASPECTS One reason why social identification is a topic of such high interest is because categorizations have implications for behavior. To the extent that one defines oneself n terms of a particular group, it affects the behaviors one enacts for oneself and the way one interacts with others who may be members of different groups. Early research on social identity by TaJfel and his colleagues emphasized the intergroup aspects of social identification. His research, which used a paradigm known as the minimal group, showed that it takes very little to create a sense of identification with one group and a consequent disfavoring of another group. In these simple experiments, people were assigned to be in a specified group on the basis of a preference for one painter over another, or on a bogus distinction between reference for green or blue, or even Just an arbitrary assignment as an X or a Y. With even this minimal and highly artificial basis for group identification, people will allocate rewards in such a way as to favor their own group and to disadvantage the other. But the behavioral implications of social identification go far beyond these simple experimental demonstrations. An increasing body of research shows that group identification has important motivational consequences, and that the identifications that one is assigned or chooses lead to relevant actions in a variety of domains, from olunteering for an organization to participating in social protest to choosing a mate. Not surprisingly, people who are more strongly identified with a particular group are more likely to carry out actions that are supportive of that group. [See INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM. Given the complexity and multifaceted nature of social identity, the question of how one assesses a social identity is important. Perhaps not surprisingly, given the ingenuity of social scientists, many different methods have been developed over the years. Disputes have also developed as to which approach is the best. Probably the implest way to designate a social identity is to assig n it arbitrarily, as is typically done in the minimal group experiments. Almost as simple is an approach in which can determine that a person is a woman, a professor, or an Asian American, it is possible to assume that the social identity is present. A problem for this assumption, however, is that social identity is more appropriately viewed as a subjective, rather than objective, state. Thus, while every student at a university can reasonably be called a student, it is not necessarily true that every student feels strongly identified with that category. Knowing how important or central an identity is to the person is necessary in order to predict how much the identity will influence the persons beliefs, emotions, and actions. To deal with this potential problem, many measures of identification have been developed in which the respondent is asked to indicate how important or unimportant a particular identity is. Social identity involves more than Just categorization, however. As suggested earlier, key features of social identification include sets of beliefs, emotional associations, and motivational considerations. Some investigators have developed more extensive uestionnaires to tap a variety of aspects of social identification. One issue in developing such measures is how generic versus how identity-specific they should be. A generic measure is one that can be used to assess any social identification, and thus it allows investigators to make comparisons between different social identities in terms of their strength or centrality. An item on this type of generic scale could be the following (this one taken from the Collective Self-Esteem Scale developed by Luhtanen and Crocker): Being a member of a social group is an important reflection of who I am. In this case, any specific social identity group could be substituted for the general term social group. A somewhat more specific form of identity assessment is the measure of ethnic identity developed by Jean Phinney. In this case, the scale was designed specifically to assess ethnic identity, as evidenced by items such as the following: l have a lot of pride in my ethnic group and its accomplishments and l participate in cultural practices of my own group, such as special food, music, or customs. Phinney suggests that this measure can be used to assess an y ethnic identification; thus it would be equally appropriate for an African American, a Cuban American, or a Vietnamese American. General measures such as these have the advantage of allowing the investigator to make comparisons between groups, using a common metric. At the same time, these all-purpose measures have been criticized because they do not get at the specific features of a specific identification. Within the area of ethnic identification, for example, the beliefs and experiences associated with being a Black American are probably different from those associated with being a Latino (or, more specifically, a Mexican American, a Cuban American, a Puerto Rican, etc. ). To capture these more unique aspects of social identification, some investigators have developed measures that are specific to a particular group. As one example, Robert Sellers and his colleagues created a measure of African American racial identity that includes both general measures of centrality and salience, as well as specific questions about racial ideology that are based on the African American experience (expressed in ideological philosophies specific questions about racial ideology that are based on the African American experience (expressed in ideological philosophies of nationalism, oppression, Other quantitative measures of identity reflect different theoretical traditions. From the perspective of Eriksonian models, for example, identity is assessed in terms of the attainment of integration among identities. Other theories, such as those that assume continuing multiplicity, suggest assessment techniques that speak to the structure and relationship among various identities. Seymour Rosenberg and Paul de Boeck have developed procedures that yield a visual representation of identity structure, showing how a persons identities are positioned relative to one another. Figure 1 illustrates such a structure. In this particular method, people are asked to list both the identities that are important to them and the attributes that they associate with each identity. Based on the degree to which identities are characterized by common attributes (and attributes are similarly applied to identities), a structure is determined in which some identities are more encompassing or superordinate (such as woman in this example) and others are more distinctive and limited (such as daughter or volunteer in this example). Daughter and sister appear together in this fgure because they are described by the same traits, i. e. , comfortable, relaxed, etc. Other identities are described in other ways, as the figure shows. This method of identity assessment uses sophisticated quantitative methods, but at the same time yields very individualized portraits. Figure 1 Example of an identity structure. A quite different approach to assessing identity relies not on quantitative measures, but rather on various qualitative forms of data analysis, including narratives and open-ended interview material. In this approach, the investigator is more willing to let the person herself define the domains in which identity is relevant and the dimensions by which it is characterized. Qualitative methods are generally more successful than strictly quantitative methods in providing a context for identity, allowing the respondent to relate themes of self to the historical and social events in which they developed and are played out. Qualitative assessment of identity has been particularly successful in exploring and highlighting conditions of intersectionality. By turning to the participants own narrative, the investigator is better able to appreciate the complex ways in which various identities may combine and overlap, as well as gain a sense of the ways in which those combinations may shift over time and place. Qualitative approaches are also a particularly useful way to enter worlds that may not be recognized and represented in more traditional approaches, which are often based on implicit norms that do not generalize. The sense of oneself as belonging to a particular category of people, or of being characterized by particular labels, begins quite early in life. In terms of gender identity, most investigators believe that between the age of two and three years children have a early in life. In terms of gender identity, most investigators believe that between the age of two and three years children have a sense of their gender. Gender identity is

Sustainability in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sustainability in business - Essay Example Finally, the project presents some of the criticisms that the companies had to face and the steps taken by them to counter the charges. Every business strives to attain sustainability in today’s world. Sustainability is an idea that every business tries to portray. A sustainable organisation is one, which tries to maximise profit for its shareholders while protecting its environment and improves the lives of those it interacts with. The business operates with the view to meet the interests of society and environment. A sustainable business always stands the chance to achieve greater success in future and remain successful for decades and generations. This project talks about three such corporations which thrive on sustainability. They are the three Italian companies, namely Fiat, Pirelli and Luxottica. Each company has its own way of maintaining sustainability. Each has been discussed in brief in this project. The project also discusses the way each company has paved its way to recovery and success. Fiat is an Italian automobile manufacturer company that also deals with financial services, media, engine manufacturer and metallurgy. The company was founded in 1899 by a group of investors in Italy. With time the company diversified its operation in different parts of the world. In 2009, Fiat was considered as the sixth largest car manufacturer in the world and the largest in Italy (Ramsey & Forden, 2009). Fiat is a multinational in true sense. The company has invested in many locations outside Italy. It has announced to invest 10 billion reais in Brazil by 2015; for developing facilities for cars, auto parts and agricultural machineries (Reuters, 2010). The company came into existence in 1899 and soon it was a great hit in the automobile industry. The company faced its first crisis after World War-I. At that time the company acquired a low cost mass production technology and introduced several new models. Fiat established many

Mental Health assignment SELF Collage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mental Health assignment SELF Collage - Essay Example This premise stems from what people say about me but also something is sure of about myself. Responsibility is precisely noted in the standard that I bring my children up, to become good and reliable children both at home and school. According to Balchin (2003) a young person’s dream becomes a vision in the future. For me, I wanted and desired to be a doctor, but my husband could not allow me to become one, instead I became an engineer. I have worked in the military company for 15 years and become loved and respected by all of the co-workers. When I went to U.S.A, I got a college where I pursued RN program but this did not work for me. I have also pursued a course in business and administration. I attained AA AS degree with honors. After some couple of years, I went back to school where am currently pursuing a nursing course. I am proud of my age of 50 years, having attained high education and that I can communicate with my third language. After my divorce, I decided to continue with studies due to end in 26th June. Although I did not pursue medicine I always do charity in areas that please me. My greatest weakness is that I cannot say no to anyone. To my children the lesson is the same. Among the most important things to me family is one. I have two wonderful children, one daughter named Meline and a son named Vahe. Coincidentally, they are pursuing the same course (law). They are very sharp in school, kind, obedient, reliable, and helpful. I always provide everything my children need without expecting anything in return to ensure that they become successful in life and happy of it. I always thank God for the two angels he gave to me. According to Wong, Hockenberry, & Wilson (2011) family should be the core origin of a man’s strength and motivation. My children are my motivation, they are my life and I accord them much love. Consistent love

Origins of business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Origins of business - Essay Example Entrepreneur can be defined as, "the one who undertakes an enterprise, especially a contractor, acting as intermediatory between capital and labor". (Jean-Baptiste Say) Entrepreneur is basically referred to a person who is willing to launch a new venture or an enterprise. He should have the qualities of carrying out a successful business. The effects of a good entrepreneur on business are that he has the quality to innovates efficiency and productivity in his business by introducing new technologies and ideas. He is a versatile and creative personality who brings in new strategies in his business or launches new types of products or services in order to profit his business. Planning or outline: Planning or an outline is a very important origin to start up a business. The founder of the business must plan first about the business. What, where, when and how, all these questions about the business are very necessary to answer before starting a business. The founder of the business must make a proper draft or an outline about his business and analyze all the expected aspects included the profit and loss of his business. This will be quite helpful in the future as the business will not be inclined towards any sort of loss and even if any loss may be occurring in the business, the entrepreneur will be ready to face it and handle it properly through the planning made before the launch of the business.

Hialeah | City and Cultural Analysis

Hialeah | City and Cultural Analysis Hialeah also known as The City of Progress is a vivacious, varied and multiethnic community. In this city is common to see people walking in the sideways, people paying dominoes in the back yard, regular people parking in handicap parking space, and Cubans weighing their luggage in groceries store to go to Cuba. Spanish is required to survive and superhuman reflexes are necessary to drive. However, its inhabitants are well known for being warm, hardworking and tenacious people that have shaped the community in many aspects such as culturally, economically, and socially during the past years. Windshield Survey Physical environment Hialeah is a city located in the heart of Miami Dade County. It is the sixth largest municipality in Florida, serving over 224,000 residents living in approximately 20-square miles (Hialeah, 2017). According to Google maps Hialeah has a size area of 19.7mi ² and 0.5 mi ² of that area is on water (Google Maps, 2017). It is immediately surrounded by cities like Miami Lakes, Opa -Locka, Hialeah Gardens and Miami Springs among others. Find attached the Map of the City (Interesting facts about, 2013) A trip though Hialeah can expose the economic level differences that exists within the city. The west of Hialeah is a more residential like town and its houses are more modern than those in the east because they are newer. The houses are well structured and equipped with ultimate conditions. Many of the houses are bordering rivers and canals where the view can be astonishing, thus increasing the value of the houses. As you move around the west side of the city, different vegetation can be perceived with a variety of spacious landscaping and impeccable cleanliness. The main streets that divide the north from the south are 103rd and 68th which are saturated with a great variety of stores to include groceries, clothing, home improvement material, pharmacies and many others. The main streets are also the place to go when there is a big celebration as a result of a sports victory brought home by either the Miami Marlins, Heat or Dolphins. The Hialeah people would gather and make noises wi th pans, musical instruments and car honks. On the other hand, as one cruises around the east side of the city, a huge difference can be perceived. Houses are typically smaller because they are older, even though some have spacious patios, there is lack of landscaping maintenance and the streets can be noted less clean. In addition, the shopping centers contain all types of mechanical shops and junk yards which tend to give the impression of a deserted and neglected neighborhood. There isnt a great variety of store in this area and most of the time; residents prefer to drive to other locations within the city to buy their goods. Health and social services From a medical standpoint, Hialeah is a well-equipped and prepared city that counts with adequate health and social services to meet population needs. The city has shelters for the needy population, in addition to other services like resources for the homeless and clinics. It also offers treatment centers which provide alcohol and drug rehabilitation. For instance, The Salvation Army Hialeah Support is a facility in charge of providing disaster services, emergency financial assistance, transitional housing, and emergency shelter (Army, 2017). Hialeah also houses the Safe Heaven facility which is a youth emergency shelter. Animal shelters are also available for the care protection, medical and adoption services for pets or homeless animals. There are three main hospitals in the city: Palmetto General Hospital, Hialeah Hospital, and Palm Spring Hospital which recently transitioned to Larkin Community Hospital. These hospitals cover all emergency, non-emergency problems of the population as well as maternal needs, pediatrics, surgery, acute and non-acute hospitalization. There are also many urgent care and medical centers like CAC Florida Medical and Leon Medical. This last two put more attention in the care for the growing elderly population by managing their chronic diseases. One example is Diabetes Mellitus which places the children and elderly population at risk due to the increasing rate of obesity. More than 100 Home Health Agencies can be found throughout the city. These agencies hire Nurses, both RN and LPNs, HHA, Physical and Occupational therapists, Case Managers and Social Workers. Among the services provided by these agencies is Private Duty Nursing, Home Health Aide, Home health visits for wound care, insulin administration, rehabilitation and hospitalization prevention. Among the most important agencies we can find Paradise Home Health Care and AA health services As a major aspect of the medicinal services needs of the populace, Hialeah provides traditional healer services such as Santeros and Babalawos who typically prescribe natural and herbal remedies. Santeria gives devotees spiritual comfort as any other religion and furthermore provides spiritual healing that in the end brings is said to bring physical healing. Santeria is well known for utilizing ceremonies, figurines, elixirs, supplications and in some instances animal sacrifices to obtain in return what is needed and asked for. Other practices such as acupuncture, cupping and yoga can found though it is less common. Economy Hialeah is an important commercial center in Miami Dade. With a vast amount of striving businesses such as Target, Starbucks, Best Buy, Walmart, Home Depot and local business like Navarro, Sedanos and La Carreta, the city provides employment and the economy is maintained at a balanced flow. Many businesses have changed their strategies to attract the Latin community that inhabits Hialeah. For example, Publix came up with a Latin version and now offers a variety of Latin products, Spanish information and the beloved Cuban coffee also known as the black gold. Economically speaking, Hialeah has always remained stable even during the recent economic crisis. Although some businesses took some drastic measures during the crisis such as reducing personnel, the community managed to remain strong and steady. Even though the city was full of manufacturing factories, during the 1970s and 1980s most of them closed thus leaving many people without jobs and steady incomes. However, Hialeah has always been resilient and new electronics and technology businesses moved in and started to increase the local economy by creating hundreds of new employment opportunities. The current unemployment rate for Hialeah is 5.4% (Home Facts, 2017). Besides the constant creation of new jobs, there are also new construction plans in the city that continue to offer more jobs to the population thus helping the economy furthermore. Safety and transportation All Ways Lead to Hialeah is one of the citys first slogans. Being conveniently located in the heart of northwest Dade, the city has access to every major expressway (I-75, Palmetto Expressway, Florida Turnpike, US 27 (Okeechobee Road) (Hialeah, 2017a). Since it is surrounded by Opa-Locka and Miami, it has direct access to the Miami International Airport as well as the Opa-Locka Airport. The Miami Metrorail and Tri-Rail/Metrorail Transfer stations serve Hialeah to move around the city and even the state. The city also offers its own public transportation which helps improve traffic by making it less demanding for occupants to drive. Sidewalks and bike lines are also available for those who prefer a more healthy and opened air transportation. Despite its accommodations, 73.8% of the population prefers to use a car or a truck to drive to and from work. Only 5.2% of the population uses public transportation, 2.2 % walks, 1.2% uses other means like bicycle or motorcycle vehicles and 2.7% work at home (Foutz MPO, 2008). Driving in this city can be very challenging. According to Allstate, Hialeah is ranked as the fourth city with the worst drivers, for that reason, insurance policies tend to be much higher compared to adjacent cities. (Munzenrieder, 2016). Hialeah is a full-service city, including Police, Fire, Water Sewer, and Public Works. The City has a long history of providing these services (Hialeah, 2017b). The Hialeah Fire Department (HFD) had its beginnings when the City was founded in 1925. Is rated as a class 1 fire department and it serves a population of more than 250,000 people (Hialeah, 2017b). The fire department is comprised by professionals that provide services integration between fire protection, emergency medical services, water rescue, environment protection, hazardous materials response, fire and hazard risk reduction inspection and prevention services (Hialeah, 2017b). The Hialeah police department is the 75th largest law enforcement in Florida (Hialeah, 2017c). The crime rate in Hialeah for theft and property crime is 45 in a scale 1(low)-100 (Best places, n.d.). It is a very alarming concern but the community feels save as the police department provides a secure environment by acting immediately in case of incidences by protecting the life and property of the community (Hialeah, 2017c). The water and sewer department make sure that water in potable and safe for the community and make notifications if any contamination occurred. Politics and government The City of Hialeah is the fifth largest city in the State of Florida. There is no city manager but it has a Mayor-Council type Government (Hialeah, 2017d). The Mayor is the Chief Executive Officer and is responsible for the everyday functions of the city. All departments in the division report directly to the Mayor. He is responsible for presenting annual budgets to the City Council in order for them to be approved. The Mayor is not a voting member however, he has the power to veto which can be overridden only by 5 of the 7 members of the vote Council. The city of Hialeah was incorporated in the year 1925, which is when the process of elections came into place. It has grown from one voting poll to well over 500 voters in 1925, to 50 voting precincts to almost 97,000 voters in 2013. City elections are held every two years, unlike other cities since there are no more than 4 seats of the council are subject to election at any one time. Elections are normally held in November at odd number years. Last election was held in 2015. Mayor and council meetings are held every 2nd and 4th Tuesday of each month and are open to the public. These meetings take place at The City Hall. The Mayor also has an advisory board which consists of, Veterans affairs, Planning and Zoning, Cultural Affairs, and Historic, just to name a few. These councilmen and women meet regularly and help the Mayor with his day to day decision making. What makes these board members acquainted to council the Mayor is the fact that they reside within the community and are registered voters in Hialeah. They are elected every seven years and the group consists of seven individuals who are responsible for passing legislation, which in turn helps the Mayor run the city more efficiently and help to approve the budgets for city plans. Communication City of Hialeah has many recreational centers and parks where residents can gather together. There are a variety of amenities and activities that residents of every age group can benefit from. They provide adult programs such as Zumba and art classes. For instance, Goodlet Performing Arts Center has award-winning classes, programs and lessons in theater dance and music. Hialeah has four adult centers that provide free daily lunch and activities for seniors. Also, adults with developmental disabilities can participate in citys adult therapeutic recreational centers and daily program. The newspapers that are common in the city of Hialeah are New Times Romance and La Voz de la Calle. La Voz de la Calle provides news and information of interest to Hispanic community in Greater Miami, Florida area. It covers ethnic society and culture. The city has its own TV channel called Hialeah 77. It provides residents with informative and entertaining content so they can be connected to the city of Hialeah. Also, a variety of other channels are available through Comcast cable which include all local channels and Spanish channels like Univision and Telemundo. The most common programs they enjoy watching are Marlins baseball games, Caso Cerrado and Mexican soap operas. Formal communication in Hialeah includes Code Enforcement and Code of Ordinance. Education City of Hialeah has approximately 35 public schools and more than 10 private schools. In addition, the city has a Miami Dade College, Florida National University and Everest Institute. Hialeah schools are rated among the most equitable in the nation for poor students. (Miami Herald, 2016). City of Hialeah Education Academy is ranked 31st within Florida state and Hialeah Gardens has overall grade B in academics. High school graduation rates continue to climb across Florida, Miami-Dade and Hialeah. They beat state average with 78.1 percent graduation rate because more students are earning high school diplomas than ever before. (Miami Herald, 2016). There is a variety of after school programs available for students in the City of Hialeah. They include Sports and Dance studio centers, Goodlet Tennis center, Kidz City Learning Center, CB Learning Center and After-school Center among many others. Step Ahead Youth enrichment program offers free after-school activities for high school students with special needs. Extracurricular activities such as music arts and sports are also available. Hialeah which is included in the Miami-Dade County and has only about third onsite health aids, with every three schools sharing a nurse. The Childrens Trust, which helps fund the program, says it will replace the aides with full-time nurses next year at 145 schools. The other 200 schools in the county share 14 nurses provided by the health department (Sun Sentinel, 2016). The School Board of Miami-Dade County conducts much of its business through School Board Committees. Committee Meeting Announcements are posted 5 working days prior to the meeting. Each committee is shown with its constituent board members and deputy superintendents (DadeSchools.net). The Department of Education and Community Services of the City of Hialeah promotes lifelong learning, an informed citizenry, literacy, an enhanced quality of life and broadened horizons for all residents of Hialeah through libraries, adult centers, after-school programs, summer and holiday camps, and special Population Center for adults with disabilities. Residents have access to library systems which is composed of one Main library and five branches. Hialeah Public Libraries serve the 225,000 residents of Hialeah, a diverse and vibrant city and the second largest in Miami-Dade County. Hialeah Libraries has a strong community focus, a variety of innovative programming, a broad array of relevant materials in multiple formats and networked computers that provide internet access in all six branch facilities (City of Hialeah, 2017). The major education issues community is facing are the budget, new standards and testing, expanding school choices and school safety. Resources The City of Hialeah has 23 beautiful parks with hundreds of acres of green space and recreational facilities. Among the diverse places to go, the most popular include Amelia Earhart Park and the Hialeah Race Track Park and Casino. Residents can use a variety of amenities designed for every age group and activity. The city maintains seven water parks, one aquatic center, and seven community pools. For younger the generation a variety of programs are provided which include baseball, basketball, cheerleading, flag football, soccer, tennis, and volleyball. The city offers a wide range of free cultural activities, programs and events that appeal to the different backgrounds for its residents. Community: Strengths and Weakness Strengths: Hialeah is a full-service city, including Police, Fire, Water Sewer, and Public Works. It is a community with recreational and educational programs available for residents at a low cost or free. For example: residents have access to the library systems, after- school and camp programs. The city is a multicultural place giving its residents the opportunity to be part of various Cultural activities and learn about different backgrounds, beliefs and costumes to better understand and accept one another. Hialeah is and will always be known as The City of Progress because of its resilient and constantly evolving economy that allows for various employment opportunities. One of the city most important and nationally well-known historic places is the Hialeah Race Track Park and Casino, built in 1925 which has always been vital because it creates a variety of job positions. Hialeah is a family-centered community that houses many different cultural and heritage traditions that can be witnessed among the different nationalities that co-exist. Allows residents to feel secure to walk around the neighborhoods. Great ethnicity diversity. Apartments and Houses are more affordable compared to other areas of Miami. Stability of house ownership is high and properties are passed down to the next generations. Responsiveness of Local Officers is fast and accurate most of the times. Neighbors have intricate relationships and tend to help each others. Weaknesses: Hialeah traffic can be a major problem and challenge for residents and visitors. Children obesitys incidence continues to increase. Unkempt properties mainly on the east side Rental properties: Inadequate screening and Lack of Maintenance Plan: Addressing Community Weaknesses For many chronic conditions, ethnic or racial factors function as risk markers rather than risk factors. Risk markers as we know are factors that help to identify persons who may have an elevated risk of developing a specific condition but that do not themselves contribute to its development (Clark, 2008). According to the division of adult and community Health, for many chronic diseases, race and ethnicity are probably markers for differences in health behaviors, access to health care, and other factors that contribute to the development of disease (Clark, 2008). The Hispanic population leaving in Hialeah Florida is a great example of this fact. Those living in this population are at greater risk of developing diabetes mellitus and hypertension among other chronic diseases not because they are Hispanics but because of a combination of factors that is common to all or most of them (i.e. culture, type of food consumed, social economic status, access to health etc.) that puts the popul ation as whole at a greater risk for developing those diseases. However, this report will focus on the impact of diabetes mellitus on this population by considering the different components that community nurses must consider when caring for this population. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that requires a lifetime of special self-management behaviors. It presents its own challenges for the community health nurses to manage. Based on assessment data, major nursing diagnoses in this community may include the following: Knowledge deficit related to disease process as evidenced by patient not using medical consumption therapy as prescribed (MNT). Risk for fluid volume deficit related to polyuria and dehydration. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance related to fluid loss or shifts. Deficient knowledge about diabetes self-care skills or information. Anxiety related to loss of control, fear of inability to manage diabetes, misinformation related to diabetes, fear of diabetes complication. (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle Cheever, 2010) The major goals for these patients may include: Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance, Optimal control of blood glucose levels, Ability to perform diabetes survival skills and self-care activities, and Absence of complications. Nursing interventions may include: Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance by controlling intake and output, administering IV fluids as prescribed, encouraging oral fluid intake when permitted. Increase knowledge about diabetes management first by assessing the patients understanding and adherence to the diabetes management plan and teach as needed. Monitoring and managing potential complications such as fluid overload due to administration of large volume of fluid at a rapid rate. Teaching patient self-care. The patient is taught survival skills, including treatment modalities such as diet, insulin administration, monitoring of blood glucose, and for for type I diabetes, monitoring of urine ketones. Follow up education is arranged with a home care nurse and dietitian or an outpatient diabetes education center. The importance of self-monitoring and of monitoring and follow-up primary health care providers is reinforced by the nurse, and the patient is reminded about the importance of keeping follow-up appointments. (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle Cheever, 2010). Nursing Evaluation Expected outcomes may include the following: Patient achieves fluid and electrolyte balance by demonstrating intake and output balance, exhibits electrolyte values within normal limits, and exhibits vital signs that remain stable with resolution of orthostatic hypotension and tachycardia. Patient demonstrates knowledge about diabetes management by identifying factors leading to hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia and by identifying factors to prevent the development of these complications. Patient exhibit normal cardiac rate and rhythm and normal breath sounds; patient exhibits no jugular vein distention, exhibits blood glucose and urine ketone levels within target range. (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle Cheever, 2010) Conclusion Hialeah The City of Progress owes its name to its residents that never cease to seek improvement of their quality of life. From small businesses to big corporations, the city allows for its residents to have jobs and continue to grow within the community. Being able to speak Spanish can be a great asset if planning to live in Hialeah, however residents have adapted to have the younger bilingual generation to make all translations for them. Driving around the city can be somewhat challenging but it can also be due to the fact that it is overpopulated and that most people are employed and need to get to and from work at around the same time. Despite its weaknesses and sometimes unkempt appearance, Hialeah is a city with a great potential and has a community full of hope and goals. A community of Hispanic immigrants that have gone through the roughest of times by leaving their native countries, separating from immediate family and having to build a life from scratch at 40 years of age. Their heritage and cultural backgrounds have been embedded in the Hialeah we now see and the result is astonishing because they have managed to create a little piece of their country within the US. Attachments: City of Hialieah map (Interesting facts about, 2013) References Army, T. S. (2017). The salvation army about the salvation army. Retrieved January 21, 2017, from http://www.salvationarmyusa.org/usn/about Best places. Hialeah, Florida crime. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://www.bestplaces.net/crime/city/florida/hialeah Clark, M. (2008). Community health nursing. (fifth ed.). Prentice Hall. DOI:  www.prenhall.com/clark Foutz, L., MPO. (2008). Hialeah transit system express bus route and enhanced service Hialeah transit system. Retrieved from http://miamidadempo.org/library/studies/hialeah-transit-system-express-bus-route-enhanced-service-final-draft-2008-03.pdf Government and Politics History retrieved from: http://www.hialeahfl.gov/ http://www.hialeahfl.gov/index.php?lang=en www.hialeahfl.gov/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid Google Maps. (2017). Hialeah size area. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from https://www.google.com/search?q=hialeah+size+areaoq=hiaaqs=chrome.0.69i59l3j69i57j69i60l2.1726j0j7sourceid=chromeie=UTF-8 Hialeah, C. (2017a). City of Hialeah, Florida Transportation. Retrieved January 21, 2017, from http://www.hialeahfl.gov/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=6Itemid=385lang=en Hialeah, C. (2017b). City of Hialeah, Florida Fire. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://www.hialeahfl.gov/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=57Itemid=274lang=en Hialeah, C. (2017c). City of Hialeah, Florida Police department. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://www.hialeahfl.gov/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=119Itemid=387lang=en Hialeah, C. (2017d). City of Hialeah, Florida your government. Retrieved January 29, 2017, from http://www.hialeahfl.gov/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=14Itemid=386lang=en Home Facts. (2017). Hialeah, FL unemployment. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from http://www.homefacts.com/unemployment/Florida/Miami-Dade-County/Hialeah.html Interesting facts about Hialeah, Florida. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.bestplaces.net/city/florida/hialeah Munzenrieder, K. (2016, May 24). Allstate claims Hialeah has Americas 4th worst drivers, Miami 8th. Retrieved January 22, 2017, from News, http://www.miaminewtimes.com/news/allstate-claims-hialeah-has-americas-4th-worst-drivers-miami-8th-6549947 Smeltzer, S., Bare, B., Hinkle, J., Cheever, K. (2010).Medical-surgical nursing. (twelfth ed.).  New York: The Point. Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Community History. Retrieved from www.fergursoncity.com/DocumentView.a Veiga, C. (2016, March 31). Hialeah, Miami Schools Rated Among Most Equitable in the Nation for Poor Students. Miami Herald. Welcome to Miami-Dade County Public Schools. (2016, December7). Retrieved January 29, 2017, from http://dadeschools.net/ YI, K. (2016, May 1). Schools Lack Nurses to Meet Growing Need. Sun Sentinel.

Ayckbourns Short Plays and Themes of Isolation and Loneliness :: Ayckbourn Essays

Ayckbourn's Short Plays and Themes of Isolation and Loneliness Isolation and loneliness are common themes in three of Ayckbourn's short plays. It appears, in varying degrees within MF, DC and TP but always is a problem/theme inside each play. MF starts off with on the first page with a strong image of Lucy being isolated from the world outside., "she lifts the receiver then replaces it immediately" and "the door chimes again. Lucy ignores these". Lucy is isolating herself from people at the door and anybody trying to ring her, we discover in the next play why she ignores the phone but the door must just be a way of keeping all her outside troubles and upsets away. I.e. Harry her husband who has 'abandoned' her and left her on her own with the multiple children. An adult in a home with no other adults to talk to may feel very alone intellectually speaking. With nobody around to discuss 'adult issues' e.g. the reason why she is so isolated and why Harry has left her. This ties in with the loneliness of Harry in DC. Here Harry is isolated from females in general, he is away from his wife, but he is miles apart from the girls he's trying to impress. You can see, especially with the arrival of Paula that neither of the girls find him remotely interesting or amusing, on page37 Bernice says, "Oh my God, I thought we'd never get rid of him" just before the pair quickly exit the restaurant. Also Harry turns to attempting to have an affair, probably affairs observing how he behaves, either from obsession and lust-or he truly feels so distant from Lucy he cannot sort out any marital problems. Harry and Lucy are a married couple with children and commitments to each other, but both are lonely, and feel remote from the other. They deal with it in different ways though-Harry attempts to cure loneliness with brief sexual companions, while Lucy just cuts herself off from everyone or at least tries to. Lucy's display of role reversal with Terry and Rose shows how distant from the adult community she appears to be becoming. She turns the pair into squabbling kids, and sends them on their way. When it was they who came to help her! The waiter in BM shares a similar problem, he must be friendly and warm to everyone while keeping a respectable isolated stance from their affairs. Meaning in his everyday working capacity he is lonely and having to present a distance between himself and his customers. This is impressed every time the waiter wanders

Compare and contrast essay Essay

Brown Brothers; How Negative Stereotypes Affect Polynesian And Maori In New Zealand ‘My demographic is: high school cleaning ladies, fast food burger-making, factory boxpacking, rubbish truck drivers, bus drivers, taxi drivers, sober drivers and living off the pension joy riders — I am a dropout.’ These are all ideas raised and challenged by Joshua Iosefo’s 2011 viral speech, ‘Brown Brother’. ‘Brown Brother’ is one of three texts that will be examined, compared and contrasted in this essay. The second text, ‘Manurewa’, is a short film based on the South Auckland murder of Navtej Singh, a liquor shop owner. The third text is ‘Fish Heads’, a short story written by Aparina Taylor, that focuses on a group of Maori boys who live in the city. The media is a huge culprit for the negative stereotyping that has been brought upon pacifica people. Brown people are more than what they are portrayed to be through media. Films such as ‘Manurewa’ reinforce many of the negative stereotypes that have been brought upon Pacific people. The stereotype of ‘brown’ people is a negative one, one of unemployment, one of crime, one of violence. In ‘Manurewa’ each one of these stereotypes were portrayed. The men in the short film were all unemployed, all committed crime and all showed violence. â€Å"Bro Town, Sione’s Wedding, and do I have to mention the GC? Now I don’t mean to condescend – I mean these shows are great, don’t get me wrong – but can anyone explain: will there ever be a time when our representation goes deeper than putting our own people to shame?† Joshua Iosefo, in his ‘Brown Brother’ speech, spoke about this issue – how the media represents ‘brown’ people in a negative light. He highlights how these types of shows create and enforce the stereotypes that ‘brown’ people now have to live by. While these shows are meant to entertain, this negative reinforcement only show the bad side of Polynesian and Maori people. One of the major themes of the film ‘Manurewa’ is about people being trapped by low expectations and invisible boundaries. People can become trapped from attaining success, trapped from fulfilling their potential, and trapped from being heard. The message in the film ‘Manurewa’ is that not all ‘brown’  people are bad, but the expectations that their stereotypes have created for them along with the people that they are surrounded with often leads to them making horrific mistakes. In this true story, a good person has been surrounded with unemployed, violent people and ultimately ends up committing a murder. In the beginning of the film the boy shows that he does have love and passion in his heart through feeding and nurturing the horse. After the murder the three older men are happy and excited but the boy was completely distressed about what he had done. These two scenes clearly show that the boy is a good person who simply made a bad mistakes because of the people that he was surrounded by. When Joshua Iosefo performed ‘Brown Brother’ at the Tedx conference, he explained how brown people are trapped because of expectations, and surroundings. Meaning that the expectations that have been set from the stereotypes as well as the people that they are surrounded by impact greatly and almost trap brown people from success. He used a box as an example, where he explained that each side of the box needs to be kicked down in order for Maori and Polynesian people to succeed. People need to make the change themselves through their own actions. ‘Brown’ people need to stop being what the stereotypes expects them to be and need to start proving that they are better than the stereotype. In the short story, ‘Fish Heads’ the Maori boys are short of money but they do not let this stop them. All four boys are employed, they all work for the little money that they have and they show that there is no reason to live the way that the stereotype expects them to live. They are not violent, they do not commit crimes and they do not drink alcohol excessively. They respect people and they are happy living a simple wholesome life. Similarly, Joshua Iosefo talks about beating the stereotype, about standing up and showing that you are better than the stereotype. â€Å"You can do all things through Christ, Philippians 4:13. You are more than capable. And I don’t say that just to make you feel better, I say that because I know. Cause your crea tor told me to tell you so. You will go places, you will tell stories, so do not feel afraid or alone for your God and your family and your home will forever be inside the marrow of your bones. So do not fret, do not regret. For where you go, you take us with you. Brown brother, do not be afraid to be the first, the first to graduate, the first to climb, the first prime minister,  or the first good wife — brown brother, do not be afraid to be the change. Not in skin tone or colour, but a change in mindset. From one brown brother, to another†. These are the powerful words that Joshua pointed at people living under the expectations that the stereotype has set for them. This powerful message is aimed st those who have been beaten by the expectations that have been set by the stereotype. The three texts, ‘Manurewa’, ‘Brown Brother’ and ‘Fish Heads’ clearly illustrate that there are negative stereotypes and low expectations for Polynesians and Maori in New Zealand. These stereotypes can lead people to feel that they are stuck and defined by their stereotype. Joshua Iosefo’s speech, talked of the stereotype that was his ‘demographic’ but also said that Polynesians needed to be responsible for overcoming or changing this stereotype. In the film ‘Manurewa’, the inability for Isaac to escape from this cycle of negativity lead the once caring teenager to associate with bad people and ultimately lead to him murdering an innocent man. Whereas in contrast, the text ‘Fish Heads’ showed that if people are removed from negative environments and influences, they are able to live in a non-stereotypical way.

Masters of Their Domain essays

Masters of Their Domain essays The similarities between The Eagle, by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, and Hawk Roosting, by Ted Hughes, are far more prominent than the differences. There is one glaring contradiction between the two poems. The hawk is an accomplished killer whereas the eagle is just perched ready for dinner only to kill when he has to. Both masters of their domain, perched in areas of high surveillance, these two very similar birds are portrayed as opposites by the authors. The eagle is a laid back, silent leader who is on top of his kingdom. He is defiantly an aged leader in that the poem talks of his crooked hands, also using words like, Ringed, and wrinkled, in describing him. I also noticed, which I believe is the biggest difference, the leadership qualities shown by each bird. The Eagle, is a silent, lead-by-example, kind of leader. He just sits on his high perch, watching and waiting, for the next bit of prey to invade his territory. Even in that, prey is not his big worry, he is just taking in his surroundings beauty. The azure world, wrinkled sea beneath, and mountain walls, are just a few glimpses into his world that the author gives us to picture. On the other hand, the hawk comes across as more of an outspoken, dictator type leader. He has to kill often to show his power, where the first, as I have stated, shows his power in different ways. In describing the hawk, the author says more of his killing and ways of killing, to describe him. Rehearse perfect kills and eat, and, My manners are tearing off heads, are just a few of the examples used. Another characteristic that jumps out at you about the hawk is the way he describes his surroundings or territory. Now I hold creation in my foot, and I kill where I please because it is all mine, are the tw ...

The effect of temperature on the permeability of beetroot cells Essay Example

The effect of temperature on the permeability of beetroot cells Essay Example The effect of temperature on the permeability of beetroot cells Essay The effect of temperature on the permeability of beetroot cells Essay Although an apparent trend is illustrated by the experimental data plotted, I am reluctant to formulate a valid conclusion on the effect of temperature on the permeability of beetroot cells due to the variability of the results obtained.  Although five repeats were performed, the data collected is not reliable because of variation within the sets of results. This could have been due to various limitations of the experiment. At 30oC for example, the reading for absorbance of light in arbitrary units, was 0.12%. When compared to the results collected from other repeats at this temperature, this appears to be an unusually high value. Further examples of possible anomalous data were 0.03% at a heat treatment of 40oC together with 0.06% at 50oC. If these anomalous results were not included in the mean absorbance plotted, this could have had a significant effect on the overall conclusion. For example, had the reading at 40oC not been included in the mean, the reading plotted at this temperature of heat treatment may not have been lower than the mean result plotted at 30oC, as is shown on the graph by a slight dip. The size of the range bars causes one to question the reliability of the experimental data. These are especially large at higher temperatures of heat treatment (i.e. 70oC) where the gradient is steepening. At the lower temperatures of 30oC and 40oC, the range bars are overlapping. This means that one cannot be sure whether absorbance of light by the solution at 40oC does indeed decrease when compared to the previous reading. The range bars can be seen to overlap for the remaining temperatures of heat treatment, which means that it is hard to say within the error of the apparatus, what the exact value is. I am reluctant to draw a valid conclusion from the experimental data due to the significantly large percentage range at each temperature of heat treatment. At 60oC for example, the percentage range of the data from each repeat is approximately 300%. The limitations of the experiment lead one to question the precision of the experimental data and the conclusions drawn from them. A mechanised cutter was used to produce pieces of beetroot with the same cross sectional area. It was made certain that we cut downwards so that the bores did not converge. However the beetroot samples were not all of the same length. This could result in the beetroot discs having different surface areas and so causing different volumes of anthocyanin to leak out into the surrounding medium at each repeat of every temperature. This source of inaccuracy would have contributed to the variation and unreliability of the results and could be avoided through a technical improvement in the experimental design. When the discs were impaled on to a mounted needle, a small volume of dye leaked out from the damaged cells. This could not be measured and could have been potential dye lost into the medium, thus affecting the majority of readings for the absorbance of light. To overcome this source of unreliability, the beetroot discs could have undergone heat treatment in a fully permeable bag.  The reliability of the results can be questioned because no accurate method for shaking the solutions before they were poured into cuvettes was employed. The resulting intensities of the solutions could therefore have been incorrect. To avoid this source of inaccuracy a mechanical technique could be used to shake the solutions. The scales of the apparatus employed influenced the results obtained. For both 70oC and 80oC a reading of 2.00% was recorded. This was not the actual absorbance of light by the solutions at these temperatures because the scales of the colorimeters did not exceed 2.00. As a result the mean value plotted was inaccurate, thus any conclusions drawn from the data are unreliable. The experiment should therefore be re-planned using either fewer disks, reducing the time periods the samples of beetroot were left in water for or alternatively leaving the discs in increased volumes of water for 20 minutes. The scale of the colorimeter was only accurate to 0.01%. This may have affected the results at 30oC and 40oC, where there was a 0.01 difference. To overcome this source of imprecision and therefore unreliability the scale of the colorimeter used could be altered to give a reading correct to three decimal place. Although it is not certain whether using different colorimeters would have had any affect on the readings obtained, to ensure precision of the experimental data, the same colorimeter should be used to measure the absorbance of light by the solutions. Although a graduated pipette with 0.1cm3 markings was used to measure 6cm3 of cold tap water, to ensure high precision of the experimental data, apparatus with finer divisions could be used. This would allow a valid conclusion to be drawn from more accurate results.  In order to improve the precision of the experimental data, a digital stop clock could be used. The usage of a manual stop clock meant that there were slight variations in the incubation and staggered timings, and even slight variations in timing would introduce a high percentage area. A one-minute delay in removing the disks from the test tube following heat treatment for example would result in an error of 5%.  Further improvements that would provide considerable additional evidence for the conclusion would be to investigate an increased number of temperatures including a wider range between 50oC and 60oC, as an increased number of intervals would show exactly where the phospholipid bilayer of beetroot melts.

Mbuti Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mbuti Culture - Research Paper Example An average Mbuti adult is often four feet six inches tall. The word Pygmies is not preferred by the tribesman as it usually refers to people with a disability. They are known to be nomadic who move from one area to the other for benefits of hunting. The Mbuti people are also known as Bambuti as the word pygmy carries with it different meanings. Pygmies has generally been used in the medical terminology to refer to dwarves who are suffering from physiological problems. In comparison to pygmies these people are normal human beings who are eager to fight with people who insult them in anyway. If they find anyone denying their existence they consider it as an insult and fight for it. Thus it is better for non Mbuti people to claim that they have met with the person before. This essay would further revolve around the people who belong to Mbuti culture and would prove as to how their mode of subsistence is affecting different aspects of their culture (Adinoyi-Ojo 1996; Kent 1996). It is famous in Africa that the Ituri forest is owned by the Mbuti’s. The tribe is further divided into two classes on the basis of language. The true Mbuti are known to speak Bantu language whereas the Efe are known to speak Sudanese. Both of these subgroups are known to rely on hunting and gathering food in the forest. They gather food and then trade it in the city for commercial meat purposes. These people in return get farm produce which they use for their own purposes. Agricultural labor is also sought by these people as they mostly rely on agriculture as their source of food. The Mbuti exchange their gathering with the villagers for the things that they want. Thus it can be said that the Mbuti have developed an interdependent relationship with the villagers. The Efe similarly maintain the relationship with the villagers but it is not necessary that they use the means of hunting and gathering. Mbuti

Plato's View of Democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Plato's View of Democracy - Essay Example Many people were wondering how the ideal state could come about. It was argued that it could be a democracy, and this 'idealized world,' could, in name exist. Plato doubted this however. Other people caught onto Plato's ideas about the Greek state quickly. They even adopted them for their own philosophies about the world. In fact, "Jews used Plato's myth [about the demiurge in Timaeus] to imagine how the world could have gotten so out of shape when it was God's wisdom that had planned it." (Mack, 1995) Plato was talking not only about democracy, but about the creation of a polis: "Well, then, said I, is not the city you are founding to be a Greek city" (Hamilton, 2005) Plato insisted that Greeks would run a democratic city in a better fashion than barbarians or non-Greeks, and insisted upon this point with some alacrity. "They will not, being Greeks, ravage Greek territory nor burn habitations, and they will not admit that in any city all the population are their enemies, men, women, and children, but will say that only a few at any time are their foes, those, namely, who are to blame for the quarrel." (Hamilton, 2005) Plato insisted that Greeks would not harm their own land if they were to fight for it and, would indeed not pillage the land. "And on all these considerations they will not be willing to lay waste the soil, since the majority are their friends, nor to destroy the houses, but will carry the conflict only to the point of compelling the guilty to do justice by the pressure of the suffering of the innocent." (Hamilton, 2005) Plato considered that it would be an injustice towards Greek countrymen if Greeks were to commit their own savage acts of war on their own country in pursuit of democracy, saying, "if either party... The Plato's View on Democracy The problems Plato had with democracy were that: there was a fake quality about this notion, and that in fact in Greece not all men were equipped to become faciliators of the state; men needed an oligarchic state because no man was an island capable of helping himself; and that a society in which there is a hierarchy avoids justice, and includes a state which would dissolve into a tyranny because people would not know what would be the right thing to do. "While Plato and Aristotle founded their schools, the Academy and the Lyceum, before the beginning of the Hellenistic period, the Epicureans and the Stoics first appeared in the early decades of that period." (Koester, 1995) Plato does have a way of describing events, but he does so in a mentally rigorous process. "When Plato describes the universe [and how ordered a democracy should be], "he does so in almost entirely mythological terms; so too in his many discussions of the nature and destiny of the soul (Phaedo, Gorgias, Phaedrus, Republic, Laws)." (Tarnas, 1991) In that period, not every man was deemed equal in Plato's eyes. "In the middle period dialogues (Phaedo, Symposium, Republic), Plato set out the character of the ideal society and speculated on the nature of true reality as such. Plato had a very narrow view on democracy, and he can’t be blamed for that seeing as how the people of his time were at times unreliable.